Essential Guide to Radon Testing for Home Buyers
- Travis Silvers
- Jan 12
- 3 min read
When buying a home , one critical step often overlooked is radon testing. Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that can seep into homes through cracks and openings in the foundation. It is colorless, odorless, and tasteless, making it impossible to detect without proper testing. Understanding radon and its risks is essential for home buyers to protect their health and make informed decisions.
What Is Radon and Why It Matters in Missouri
Radon forms when uranium in soil and rocks breaks down naturally. It can enter homes through foundation cracks, gaps around pipes, or crawl spaces. Missouri’s geology makes it one of the states with higher radon levels. According to the Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services, about 70% of homes tested in the state have radon levels above the EPA’s recommended action level of 4 picocuries per liter (pCi/L).
Long-term exposure to elevated radon increases the risk of lung cancer. The EPA estimates radon causes about 21,000 lung cancer deaths annually in the U.S., making it the second leading cause after smoking. For home buyers, this means radon testing is not just a formality but a vital health precaution.
When Should Home Buyers Test for Radon
Testing for radon should happen during the home inspection phase, ideally before closing the sale. This timing allows buyers to negotiate repairs or mitigation if high radon levels are found. Some sellers may already have recent radon test results available, but buyers should confirm the testing was done correctly and recently.
Radon levels can vary seasonally and daily, so short-term tests (2 to 7 days) are common during real estate transactions. If a short-term test shows elevated radon, a follow-up long-term test (90 days or more) can provide a more accurate picture.
How Radon Testing Works
Radon testing is straightforward and affordable. There are two main types of tests:
Short-term tests use charcoal canisters or electronic monitors placed in the lowest livable area of the home for a few days.
Long-term tests use alpha track detectors or continuous monitors left in place for several months.
Home buyers can hire certified radon professionals to conduct the test or purchase do-it-yourself kits from hardware stores or online. Professional testing ensures proper placement and handling, which improves accuracy.
What to Do If Radon Levels Are High
If testing reveals radon levels above 4 pCi/L, mitigation is necessary to reduce exposure. Radon mitigation systems typically involve installing a vent pipe and fan to draw radon from beneath the foundation and release it safely outside. These systems can reduce radon levels by up to 99%.
In Missouri, radon mitigation costs usually range from $800 to $2,500 depending on the home size and system complexity. Buyers should factor this into their budget and negotiate with sellers if high radon is detected.
Radon Disclosure and Missouri Laws
Missouri requires sellers to disclose known radon test results to buyers. However, there is no statewide law mandating radon testing before a home sale. This means buyers must be proactive in requesting radon testing during inspections.
Hiring a home inspector familiar with radon testing or a certified radon professional is a wise choice. They can provide detailed reports and advice on next steps.
Tips for Home Buyers in Missouri
Always test for radon during the home inspection, even if the seller provides test results.
Use certified radon testers to ensure accurate results.
Understand radon mitigation options and costs before closing.
Consider radon-resistant construction features if buying a new home.
Keep radon testing in mind for future maintenance, as levels can change over time.
Taking these steps helps protect your family’s health and ensures your investment is safe.
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